The Interactive Cell Study Guide

Directions:

1. Read the questions and click on the link above the question to find the answers.

2. Copy the questions down and answer them on you binder paper.

PART 1 – CELL TYPES

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/different_cell_types.html

1. What are the two main types of cells?

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

2. What do prokaryotic cells lack and have few of?

3. What are some examples of prokaryotic cells and what three major shapes   do they come in?

4. What is different about a prokaryotic cell’s DNA?

5. What are some functions of prokaryotic cells?

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

6. How do eukaryotic cells differ from prokaryotic cells?

7. What are organelles?

8. What are two types of eukaryotic cells?

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryote_examples.html

9. What are some examples of eukaryotic cells?

PART 2 – ORGANELLES

The Cytoplasm

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/cytoplasm.html

10. What does the term cytoplasm refer to?

11. What does the cytoplasm consist of?

Cell Membrane

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

12. What gets in and out of the cell membrane?

13. The cell membrane is made of a ___________ __________

14. What are the three general functions of the cell membrane?

The Nucleus

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

15. What is the nucleus and what does it consist of?

16. The nuclear envelope is a __________  __________

17. How does the nucleus communicate with its surroundings?

18. What makes a liver cell different from muscle cells and a muscle cell different form fat cells?

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

19. What is Transcription?

20. How does the Nucleus protect DNA?

21. What are the gate keepers of the Nucleus?

The Nucleolus

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

22. What does the nucleolus make?

23. What do the units made in the nucleolus do?

The Endoplasmic Reticulum (smooth and Rough)

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

24. The rough E.R. has _________ attached to it.

25. The ER makes up roughly ________the membrane in a cell. What does this allow the ER perform?

26. In what form are proteins and fat packaged and where are they sent to?

Ribosomes

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

27. What do ribososmes manufacture for the cell?

28. How do they manufacture these?

Mitochondria

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

29. Mitochondria are responsible for _______________________.   What do they use to accomplish this?

30. What allows a mitochondrion to participate in a variety of cellular activities?

31. What makes a mitochondrion different form other organelles?

The Golgi Body (Apparatus)

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

32. Golgi Body is responsible for packaging ____________and other _____________ for the cell. 

33. How do transport proteins know what the proper place in the cell each package must be delivered to?

Lysosomes and Other Specialized Vesicles

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

34. Lysosomes are filled with___________ and are responsible for _________________.

35. What purpose do walking vesicles serve?

36. What are rocketing vesicles and what causes them to rocket?

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

37. What is the purpose of a Lysosome in a white blood cell?

38. What happened to the cell if the lysosme is out of control?

Cytoskeleton

· http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/cytoskeleton.html

39. What are the three types of fibers that make up the cytoskeleton?

40. The two most important protein filaments are called the _______ ______ and the___________. The actin is responsible for ________(like in muscles) and the microtubules are for_________  ____________.

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

41. Name two functions that the cytoskeleton serves within a cell?

42. What is the purpose of Budding Vesicles?

43. Is the cytoskeleton always the same?

Centrioles 

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

44. Centrioles are only found in __________________ cells. 

45. Centrioles are part of the ____________________.

Cell Wall

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

46. Cell walls are unique to ________cells.

47. What is the purpose of a cell wall?

Vacuole

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

48. Vacuoles are large empty appearing areas found in the _________cells.

49. What are the functions of vacuoles?

Chloroplast

· http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/begin/cells/insideacell/

50. The Chloroplast is where ____________ (process) takes place.

51. It is here that plant cells trap the energy of ____________ and use it to convert ____________ and ____________ into ________ _________.

52. What does chloroplast and mitochondria have in common?

· http://www.cellsalive.com/cells/cell_model.htm

53. What structure is within the stroma of chloroplasts?

54. What is chlorophyll responsible for?